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Transfers are not spending
If you pay a credit card from checking, you did not “spend” that money twice. Yet many dashboards still inflate burn by treating repayments like purchases.
In Common, amounts are integer cents. Purchases are negative; refunds are positive; credit-card repayments are transfers excluded from income and spending. We never infer a transfer solely from an equal-and-opposite amount.
Those rules are boring. They are also the difference between a pretty chart and a trustworthy household picture — especially once an AI starts summarizing your month.